A black dress leaves almost every other choice open. What you add decides whether it reads as an evening outfit, an everyday outfit or something more formal.
Black has no hue to disagree with, so colour conflicts are rare. What matters instead is surface and setting. A matt jersey and a satin in the same black look very different, because satin shows bright highlights and jersey does not. Black also loses detail on camera, so seams and folds that look fine in person may not show in photographs.
Black is the seamless choice. Metallics add some occasion. A strong colour turns the shoes into the outfit's accent. For daytime, tan leather or white trainers make it more relaxed. Whether it suits a wedding or funeral depends on local custom, so check rather than assume.
Change the level of dress, the weather or the colours you own.
Black dress: an anchor, large and quiet, so most of the outfit can lean on it.
Colours here are typical dyed-cloth values, not reference swatches, so navy is the greyed navy of a real suit. Your own garment will differ, and so will the same colour in a different fabric.